尖子木Oxyspora paniculata

中文名(Chinese Name):尖子木
学名(Scientific Name):Oxyspora paniculata (D. Don) DC.
英文名(English Common Name):bristletips
别名(Chinese Common Name):酒瓶果、砚山红
异名(Synonym):Arthrostemma paniculatum D. Don  Bredia soneriloides H. Lév.  Sonerila cavaleriei H. Lév. 
科属(Family & Genus):野牡丹科(Melastomataceae)尖子木属
形态特征(Description):灌木,高1-2米,稀达6米;茎四棱形或钝四棱形,通常具槽,幼时被糠秕状星状毛及具微柔毛的疏刚毛。叶片坚纸质,卵形或狭椭圆状卵形或近椭圆形,顶端渐尖,基部圆形或浅心形,长12-24厘米,宽4.6-11厘米,稀长32厘米,宽15.5厘米,边缘具不整齐小齿,7基出脉,叶面被糠秕状鳞片或几无,基出脉下凹,背面通常仅于脉上被糠秕状星状毛,脉明显,隆起,细脉与侧脉垂直;叶柄长1-7.5厘米,有槽,通常密被糠秕状星状毛,槽内被具微柔毛的刚毛。由聚伞花序组成的圆锥花序,顶生,被糠批状星状毛,长20-30厘米,稀较短,基部具叶状总苞2;苞片和小苞片小,披针形或钻形,长1-3毫米;花萼长约8毫米,幼时密被星状毛,以后渐脱落,狭漏斗形,具钝四棱,有纵脉8条,裂片扁三角状卵形,长约1毫米,顶端急尖,具突起的小尖头;花瓣红色至粉红色,或深玫瑰红色,卵形,长约7毫米,于右上角突出1小片,顶端具突起的小尖头并被微柔毛;雄蕊长者紫色,药隔隆起而不伸长,短者黄色,药隔隆起,基部伸长成短距;子房下位,无毛。蒴果倒卵形,顶端具胎座轴,长约8毫米,直径约6毫米;宿存萼较果长,漏斗形。花期7-9月,稀10月,果期1-3月,稀达5月。
分布(Distribution):产西藏、贵州、云南、广西,生于海拔500-1900米的山谷密林下,荫湿处或溪边,也生长于山坡疏林下,灌木丛中湿润的地方。尼泊尔、缅甸至越南也有。
用途(Use):全株清热止痢,治痢疾、腹泻、疮疖等。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 13 Page 367
Oxyspora paniculata (D. Don) Candolle, Prodr. 3: 123. 1828.
尖子木 jian zi mu| Melastomataceae  | Oxyspora
Arthrostemma paniculatum D. Don, Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 4: 299. 1823; Bredia soneriloides H. Léveillé.
Shrubs 1-2(-6) m tall. Stems 4-sided to obtusely 4-sided, furfuraceous stellate and sparsely puberulous-setose. Petiole 1-7.5 cm, densely furfuraceous stellate; leaf blade ovate, narrowly elliptic-ovate, or suborbicular, 12-24(-32) × ca. 15.5 cm, stiffly papery, abaxially usually furfuraceous stellate on veins, adaxially furfuraceous squamose or glabrescent, secondary veins 3 on each side of midvein, base rounded to subcordate, margin denticulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal, a cymose panicle, 20-30 × ca. 10 cm or wider, furfuraceous stellate, with 2 leaflike bracts at base. Bractlets and bracteole lanceolate to subulate, 1-3 mm. Hypanthium narrowly funnelform, ca. 8 mm, longitudinally 8-ribbed, with dense stellate trichomes when young but glabrescent. Calyx lobes shortly triangular-ovate, ca. 1 mm, apex acute and apiculate. Petals pink, red, or dark red, ovate, ca. 7 mm. Longer stamens with connective swollen but not spured. Shorter with connective shortly spurred. Capsule obovoid, ca. 8 × 6 mm; hypanthium narrowly funnelform. Fl. Jul-Sep(-Oct), fr. Jan-Mar(-May).
Mixed forests, stream banks, valleys, moist places; 500-2000 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Xizang (Mêdog), Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam].
尖子木Oxyspora paniculata

尖子木Oxyspora paniculata(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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